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DIGIMUSE ENTER BEST PRACTICES


Interactive app - 3D Modelling and Digital Mapping of Hillforts

Overview

Objectives:
  • Digitally document and map prehistoric hillforts in the wider Cetinska krajina area, Livno and Tomislavgrad area (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
  • Use photogrammetry and drone reconnaissance for 3D reconstructions
  • Develop an interactive application that provides virtual access to archaeological sites
  • Promote cross-border heritage and awareness of shared cultural landscapes
  • Support museum education and interpretation using modern technologies
     
Target group:
  • Archaeologists and researchers
  • General public interested in cultural heritage
  • Students and educators
  • Local communities and municipalities
  • Museum visitors
     

Info

Organisation name: Museum of the Cetinska Krajina region
Croatia Croatia
Activity:
Museum, archaeology, digital heritage
Funding sources:
  • Institutional support: Muzej Cetinske krajine, Split-Dalmatia County
  • In-kind contribution by IT expert and technical team
     

Contact

Mck.sinj@mck-sinj.hr

Strengths

  • Innovative use of affordable technology (drones, photogrammetry)
  • Strong collaboration between archaeology and IT sector
  • Digital preservation of endangered or inaccessible sites
  • Growing interest in virtual heritage experiences
  • High potential for educational use and cultural tourism
  • Opportunity for cross-border EU funding
     

Weaknesses

  • Limited resources for long-term maintenance and content updates
  • Dependence on expert knowledge (e.g., 3D modelling, GIS)
  • Possible technical challenges with app deployment or cross-platform compatibility
  • Risk of low public digital literacy in rural areas
  • Need for continuous interdisciplinary collaboration
     

Digital Solutions

  • Drone-based terrain reconnaissance and photogrammetry
  • Software for 3D modelling 
  • Web and mobile application development
  • Digital mapping and GIS tools
  • Integration of models into interactive virtual experiences (owner Museum of the Cetinska Krajina Region)
     

Demonstrable positive impacts

  • First comprehensive digital mapping and modelling of hillforts in this tri-regional area (area of Cetinska Krajina, Livno and Tomislavgrad (Bosnia and Herzegovina)). 
  • Preservation of archaeological data in digital form
  • Engaged local communities in cultural heritage awareness
  • Improved interpretation tools for museum exhibitions and educational programs (exhibition and project Delmatae: The power of unity, 2024.)
  • Created basis for future virtual or augmented reality (VR/AR) applications
  • Foundation for further research and cultural tourism development
     

Skills & knowledge required

  • Photogrammetry and drone operation skills
  • 3D modelling and rendering 
  • Knowledge of archaeological surveying and site interpretation
  • App development and UI/UX design
  • Project management in cross-sector environments
  • Communication skills for community engagement
  • Data organisation and metadata management (for digital heritage)
     

Transferable innovative principles and methods

  • Low-cost, high-impact use of photogrammetry for cultural heritage documentation
  • Cross-border collaboration in heritage conservation and digital innovation
  • Application of interactive 3D models in public engagement and education
  • Integration of field reconnaissance (archaeological surveying) with digital production
  • Scalable and replicable workflow for small museums and rural regions with rich but underexplored heritage
     

Methodology

This initiative combines archaeology, photogrammetry, and digital mapping to document prehistoric hillforts across Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The methodology includes:

  • Drone-based reconnaissance to gather high-resolution imagery of archaeological sites.
  • Photogrammetry to create accurate 3D models of hillforts and surrounding landscapes.
  • Digital mapping with GIS tools, providing precise geolocation and context.
  • Interactive mobile/web application offering virtual tours and educational resources for general users and researchers.
  • Cross-border collaboration, integrating heritage data across national boundaries and promoting a shared cultural narrative.

This hybrid approach of fieldwork and digital interpretation is designed to preserve vulnerable heritage, support education, and engage the public through immersive digital tools.

Resources needed and start-up costs

Core Resources:

  • Drone and camera equipment – available for under €1,500 or via partnerships.
  • Photogrammetry software (e.g., Agisoft Metashape, RealityCapture) – ~€500–€1,000 (educational or non-commercial licenses may be cheaper).
  • 3D modelling tools (e.g., Blender – free; Autodesk – licensed).
  • GIS and mapping software (e.g., QGIS – free; ArcGIS – licensed).
  • Mobile or web app development (in-house or with freelance developer).
  • Skilled staff or external collaborators in archaeology and IT.

Estimated Start-up Cost:

  • €5,000–€15,000, depending on:
  • Drone and software access
  • Developer or IT collaborator fees
  • Fieldwork logistics
  • Hosting and app deployment

Much of this cost can be minimized via in-kind contributions or partnerships with universities or tech communities.
 

Possible low cost solution

This model can be scaled down for smaller museums or local history groups:

  • Use free photogrammetry apps (e.g., Polycam, Meshroom) with smartphones or borrowed drones.
  • Host 3D models on free platforms like Sketchfab or Google Earth Web instead of building a custom app.
  • Create a Google Sites page or simple web viewer to display the maps and 3D reconstructions.
  • Partner with local educators to build accompanying learning materials or digital worksheets.
  • Invite volunteers or students (e.g., archaeology or computer science departments) to contribute to fieldwork or digital development.

Estimated Low-Cost Implementation:

  • €500–€2,000, using free/open-source tools and low-budget fieldwork.

This approach still preserves cultural sites digitally and enables public access and learning—without heavy infrastructure or technical demands.